What is Sample?
Sample
A part that is selected and inspected instead of the whole.
What it means
If you test everything, it's certain, but if it takes too much time, or if the test requires you to use it, you won't be able to use the product. So, only a portion is selected, inspected, and the entire bundle is judged. This is the sample.
Even if everything selected passes, it does not mean that there are no defects in the bundle. The amount to be taken is determined by weighing the risk of missing the test and the cost of the test.
At the pen factory
On the 11th day, pull out 5 pieces from each 50-piece refill bundle and draw a line. In the "many" bundle, 3 pieces out of 5 pieces are broken, so you do not receive the entire bundle.
Why it matters
You can filter out defective bundles while reducing the amount of work required for inspection.